再也不见了，RSS阅读器: 用rss2email, public-inbox, nntp

缘由

• RSS一个一个地fetch太累，过于费网络资源
• 云端RSS阅读器收费，贵
• RSS获得的消息，需要保留一段时间，本地的阅读器读完马上mark as read/删除，给我的阅读压力很大，总担心点了阅读又没读懂，就没了
• 不想折腾邮件服务器，包管理器总是装了好多不知道是啥的东西，即使是dovecot这样的IMAP Server

解决方案

rss2email -> maildir -> public-inbox-watch -> .git目录 -> public-inbox-nntpd
                \                                               \
                 \----> 本地mutt/alpine阅读                      \----> 分享给朋友们，使用thunderbird订阅newsgroup

public-inbox

是Linux Foundation开发的基于perl的程序，lore.kernel.org里的邮件现在都由public-inbox来提供归档阅读

public-inbox主要的思路是用git仓库来存邮件，每个patch就是一封邮件。

同时有public-inbox-watch，从配置文件里监控各个渠道，如有新邮件进来，就把它写进对应的git目录。

后来有V2版本的git目录，增加了epoch分区，从而避免一个目录的邮件太太太太多。

public-inbox-imapd public-inbox-nntpd public-inbox-pop3d public-inbox-httpd 如名字所示，就是对应的imap nntp pop3 http服务器。

用git有一个好处，任何人都可以很方便的mirror上游邮件仓库的数据，还可以更新。

rss2email

由Aaron Swartz发起。可以看看关于他的纪录片 The Internet’s Own Boy。特别是片中有Tim Berners-Lee致的悼词。

它取了RSS之后，可以sendmail，可以IMAP，可以SMTP，也可以Maildir。

由于我不想把RSS跟我的主力IMAP电子邮件服务混到一起，Maildir最合适了。

NNTP

参考我之前的文章: NNTP/USENET:旧世界的遗产和新世界的大门

朱令当年的求救邮件在sci.med里。底下有人上来就回复sound like Thallium。发信IP是162.105.195.2，所在地北京大学力学系。北大救清华，谢谢了。

水木清华BBS站也在USENET里有一个对应的分区。

NNTP就是Newsgroup，可以用Emacs Gnus / alpine / w3m / thunderbird等阅读。
所有人共享一份数据，已读/未读标记是在本地的，存在于.newsrc里，里面只标记了从哪到哪读过，很简单。(据说水木的已读/未读也是类似)

动手

1. Raspberry Pi - SSD

Maildir一封邮件就是一个文件，一定不能用SD卡了。
RPi的较新版本可以直接从SSD引导，卡都不用插。

或许需要rpi-eeprom啥的更新一下，就可以了。

用SD卡的话，插个SSD硬盘，在/etc/fstab里配一下。

然后在无线路由器上端口转发一哈，联通不样用80/8080，http服务可以用8888，实测NNTP的110端口不受限。

2. 配rss2email

sudo apt install rss2email

.config/rss2email.cfg 配置:

[DEFAULT]
from = pi@localhost
user-agent = rss2email/__VERSION__ (__URL__)
use-8bit = False
force-from = False
use-publisher-email = False
name-format = {feed-title}: {author}
to = pi
proxy = 
feed-timeout = 60
same-server-fetch-interval = 0
active = True
digest = False
date-header = True
date-header-order = modified, issued, created, expired
bonus-header = 
trust-guid = False
trust-link = False
reply-changes = False
encodings = US-ASCII, ISO-8859-1, UTF-8, BIG5, ISO-2022-JP
post-process = 
digest-post-process = 
html-mail = True
multipart-html = False
use-css = False
css = h1 {
    font: 18pt Georgia, "Times New Roman";
    }
    body {
    font: 12pt Arial;
    }
    a:link {
    font: 12pt Arial;
    font-weight: bold;
    color: #0000cc;
    }
    blockquote {
    font-family: monospace;
    }
    .header {
    background: #e0ecff;
    border-bottom: solid 4px #c3d9ff;
    padding: 5px;
    margin-top: 0px;
    color: red;
    }
    .header a {
    font-size: 20px;
    text-decoration: none;
    }
    .footer {
    background: #c3d9ff;
    border-top: solid 4px #c3d9ff;
    padding: 5px;
    margin-bottom: 0px;
    }
    border: solid 4px #c3d9ff;
    }
    margin-left: 5px;
    margin-right: 5px;
    }
unicode-snob = False
links-after-each-paragraph = False
inline-links = True
wrap-links = True
body-width = 0
email-protocol = maildir
sendmail = /usr/sbin/sendmail
sendmail_config = 
maildir-path = ~/Maildir
maildir-mailbox = INBOX
verbose = info

[feed.scateu]
url = http://scateu.me/feed.xml

对应的systemd配置:

pi@rpi4:~ $ cat /etc/systemd/system/rss2email.service 
[Unit]
Description=Fetches RSS feeds and send them to email
Wants=rss2email.timer

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/proxychains4 /usr/bin/r2e run
Environment = PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
User = pi

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

pi@rpi4:~ $ cat /etc/systemd/system/rss2email.timer
[Unit]
Description=calling rss2email peridically
Requires=rss2email.service

[Timer]
Unit=rss2email.service
OnCalendar=*-*-* 00/8:00:00

[Install]
WantedBy=timers.target

然后

sudo systemctl enable rss2email.timer
sudo systemctl enable rss2email.service

proxychains4是用来保持与国际互联网的通信用的。
本机可以起一个socks5信道。

3. public-inbox

sudo apt install public-inbox
public-inbox-init  -V2 RSS /home/pi/RSS  http://192.168.1.31/RSS pi@localhost

在配置里指定好上游maildir目录，在watch字段:

pi@rpi4:~/.public-inbox $ cat config
[publicinbox "RSS"]
        address = pi@localhost
        url = http://192.168.1.31/RSS
        inboxdir = /home/pi/RSS
        newsgroup = RSS
        watch = maildir:/home/pi/Maildir/INBOX/
        address = pi@localhost

然后执行

public-inbox-watch

就会从maildir里把邮件塞进public-inbox的git目录(在这里是RSS/)了，可惜这个程序没啥输出

可以进到目录里敲git status来看，或者用tig。但一定要进到对应的目录里先。

比如:

cd RSS/git/0.git
git log
tig

示例输出:

commit 509a34ca40cb884846bdb740c31dba79b1150fd6 (HEAD -> master)
Author: New Projects : Kickstarter: author <pi@localhost>
Date:   Wed Aug 6 13:26:57 2025 +0000

    Dream Fighters Children's Book: A–Z of Black STEM Pioneers by Shemeka Foster

commit 3c0e1bb5eae2915a5574dfc937c2e1379ae28c2a
Author: Newsshooter: Matthew Allard ACS <pi@localhost>
Date:   Fri Aug 8 00:27:20 2025 +0000

    LumaTouch 5.3 for iOS enables support for 3rd party editing and VFX plugins

commit 2187aea6c05ec5387b822fec93adef63a0da8e6c
Author: New Projects : Kickstarter: author <pi@localhost>
Date:   Fri Aug 8 06:45:13 2025 +0000

    The Stories of Tanith Lee by John Betancourt

commit a825201c2387c8b53449b4ea0bc1b593caeb776c
Author: Newsshooter: Matthew Allard ACS <pi@localhost>
Date:   Fri Aug 8 00:44:34 2025 +0000

    Ikan Aura PT419W-NDI– world’s first teleprompter that combines full NDI streaming with PoE++ power delivery

systemd的配置文件们:

pi@rpi4:~ $ cat /etc/systemd/system/public-inbox-nntpd.service 
[Unit]
Description=public-inbox-nntpd
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
Environment = PI_CONFIG=/home/pi/.public-inbox/config \
PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
ExecStart = /usr/bin/public-inbox-nntpd
Restart=always
User=root
Group=root

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

pi@rpi4:~ $ cat /etc/systemd/system/public-inbox-watch.service 
[Unit]
Description = public-inbox Maildir watch
After = spamassassin.service

[Service]
Environment = PI_CONFIG=/home/pi/.public-inbox/config \
PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
ExecStart = /usr/bin/public-inbox-watch

ExecReload = /bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
# this user must have read access to Maildirs it watches
User = pi
KillMode = process

[Install]
WantedBy = multi-user.target

然后

sudo systemctl enable public-inbox-watch.service
sudo systemctl enable public-inbox-nntpd.service
sudo systemctl start public-inbox-watch.service
sudo systemctl start public-inbox-nntpd.service

如果想提供imap服务，同理

使用

w3m nntp://pi.example.net/RSS
alpine -url nntp://pi.example.net/RSS
w3m nntp://news.public-inbox.org/inbox.comp.mail.public-inbox.meta
alpine -url nntp://news.public-inbox.org/inbox.comp.mail.public-inbox.meta

Thunderbird里添加Newsgroup账号先，服务器就是你的公网IP对应的域名，然后Subscribe里面的RSS频道。

tip: RSS去重 - r2e-dedup.sh

#!/bin/bash
# simple bash script to remove duplicated RSS items from rss2email

r2e list > r2e-list.txt
cat r2e-list.txt |cut -d'(' -f2 |awk '{print $1}' |sort |uniq -c | grep '2 http' > a
while read line; do cat r2e-list.txt |grep `echo $line |cut -d/ -f3` | tail -n1; done < a > b
cat b |cut -d: -f1|sort |uniq | xargs r2e delete
rm -i a b r2e-list.txt